The report, prepared by Margarita Flórez of Asociación Ambiente y Sociedad, analyzes the impacts of the extractive industries on the collective land and forest rights of people and communities in Colombia, Peru, Guatemala, and Panama. It focuses on mining activities because of their increased intensity, number, and range in the last two decades, particularly in land owned by indigenous and Afro-descendant communities. Some key findings include:
* From 1990-2009, the weight of extractive sector export increased from 31 to 53 percent in Peru; 38 to 52 percent in Colombia; and 12 to 38 percent in Brazil.
* In the four countries (Peru, Colombia, Guatemala, and Panama), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has focused mainly on the extractive sector. For example, in Colombia, FDI reached 92 percent (US$13.234 billion) in 2011.
* States throughout Latin America exercise their right to exploit nonrenewable natural resources, even from the collective land of Indigenous Peoples and Afro-descendants. The only exception is in Colombia, where it is prohibited to exploit natural resources in national parks.
* Forest areas identified by the countries as potential sites for REDD+ projects often overlap with land owned by Indigenous Peoples, Afro-descendants and/or peasants, and are also areas subject to concessions for extractive industries leading to conflict, and increasing the risk that human rights and collective tenure rights will not be respected.
Read the full Report in Spanish
Summary in English | Summary in Spanish
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